National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) These equations can be used to solve rotational or linear kinematics problem in which a and α α are constant.įigure 6.10 Tornadoes descend from clouds in funnel-like shapes that spin violently. In fact, all of the linear kinematics equations have rotational analogs, which are given in Table 6.3. Notice that the equation is identical to the linear version, except with angular analogs of the linear variables. Where ω 0 ω 0 is the initial angular velocity. The equation for the kinematics relationship between ω ω, α α, and t is Recall the kinematics equation for linear motion: v = v 0 + a t v = v 0 + a t (constant a).Īs in linear kinematics, we assume a is constant, which means that angular acceleration α α is also a constant, because a = r α a = r α.
It only describes motion-it does not include any forces or masses that may affect rotation (these are part of dynamics). The kinematics of rotational motion describes the relationships between the angle of rotation, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time. In the case of linear motion, if an object starts at rest and undergoes a large linear acceleration, then it has a large final velocity and will have traveled a large distance. Putting this in terms of the variables, if the wheel’s angular acceleration α α is large for a long period of time t, then the final angular velocity ω ω and angle of rotation θ θ are large. For example, if a motorcycle wheel that starts at rest has a large angular acceleration for a fairly long time, it ends up spinning rapidly and rotates through many revolutions. We can now begin to see how rotational quantities like θ θ, ω ω, and α α are related to each other. Table 6.2 Rotational and Linear Variables The student knows and applies the laws governing motion in a variety of situations.
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In addition, the High School Physics Laboratory Manual addresses content in this section in the lab titled: Circular and Rotational Motion, as well as the following standards: (D) calculate the effect of forces on objects, including the law of inertia, the relationship between force and acceleration, and the nature of force pairs between objects.
(C) analyze and describe accelerated motion in two dimensions using equations, including projectile and circular examples.The learning objectives in this section will help your students master the following standards: